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黃(huang)浦(pu)路541號網絡(luo)產(chan)業(ye)大(da)廈(sha)1909室 |
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| 如何治(zhi)理新污染物？陜(shan)西加(jia)快推進六個方面(mian)重點任務，已(yi)完成(cheng)首輪信息統計調查 |
| 發(fa)表時間：2023-12-22 15:05:47 作者：admin |
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2023年(nian)12月21日，陜西省(sheng)(sheng)生態(tai)環(huan)境廳舉(ju)行(xing)新聞發布(bu)(bu)會，介紹全省(sheng)(sheng)固體(ti)廢物與化學品環(huan)境管理工作有關情況。發布(bu)(bu)會上(shang)有哪些精(jing)彩問答？鹮(huan)鹮(huan)帶(dai)你來盤點~
環(huan)境保護雜志社(she)
請簡要介紹(shao)一下新污染物的概念，以及我省在(zai)開(kai)展新污染物治理方面所做(zuo)的工作(zuo)。
省生(sheng)態環(huan)境廳(ting)固體(ti)廢物與化(hua)學品處副處長(chang)閆陽(yang)：
我首(shou)先介紹一下新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)和特點。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)。國家(jia)從管(guan)理角度對(dui)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作了界定(ding)，即新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)于(yu)(yu)常(chang)規污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，指新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)近發現或(huo)被關注，對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)或(huo)人體健康(kang)存在(zai)風險，尚未納(na)入(ru)管(guan)理或(huo)者現有管(guan)理措施不(bu)(bu)足以有效防控其風險的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。目前較為(wei)廣(guang)泛關注的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)主要(yao)有四大類(lei)，分別是(shi)(shi)持久性(xing)(xing)有機(ji)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、內分泌干擾物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、抗生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)和微塑料。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)特點。之所以稱為(wei)“新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)”，一方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)相對(dui)于(yu)(yu)大家(jia)熟悉的(de)(de)如(ru)二氧化(hua)硫、氮氧化(hua)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，PM2.5等(deng)常(chang)規污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)而言；另一方(fang)面(mian)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類(lei)繁(fan)多，更重要(yao)的(de)(de)特點“新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)”是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)其種(zhong)類(lei)還可能會持續增(zeng)加。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，擁有不(bu)(bu)同(tong)于(yu)(yu)傳統和常(chang)規污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)一些新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)特性(xing)(xing)，主要(yao)包括(kuo)隱(yin)蔽性(xing)(xing)、持久性(xing)(xing)、危(wei)害(hai)大、不(bu)(bu)易治(zhi)(zhi)理等(deng)特點。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)理是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建設的(de)(de)重要(yao)領(ling)域，是(shi)(shi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)(zhi)攻堅戰向(xiang)縱深推進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)必然(ran)結果，是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)質量持續改善進(jin)(jin)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)內在(zai)要(yao)求，具有十分重大的(de)(de)現實意(yi)義(yi)。
為(wei)扎(zha)實推進我省(sheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)工作，2022年(nian)11月，省(sheng)政(zheng)府(fu)辦公廳印發了《陜西省(sheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)工作方案》，《方案》明確以下(xia)六個方面重點(dian)任務：一是加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)設，建(jian)立跨部門新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)協調(diao)(diao)(diao)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，按照省(sheng)負總(zong)責(ze)、市縣落(luo)實的(de)原(yuan)則(ze)，完(wan)善新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，全面落(luo)實新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)屬地責(ze)任。二是開(kai)展(zhan)化學物(wu)質環境信息(xi)統計(ji)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)，建(jian)立新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)環境調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)監測體(ti)系，開(kai)展(zhan)化學物(wu)質環境風險篩查(cha)與評估，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)并發布重點(dian)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)清單。三是嚴(yan)格實施限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或淘汰(tai)措施，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)產品認證和(he)標識管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)(jia)快推進汞的(de)淘汰(tai)和(he)替代，優先從(cong)源(yuan)頭控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)的(de)產生。四(si)是推進清潔生產和(he)綠色制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造，開(kai)展(zhan)涉新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)生態環境損害賠償試點(dian)。規范抗生素類藥品使用管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)農藥使用管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，對(dui)生產、使用過程加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)。五是強(qiang)(qiang)化新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)多環境介質協同治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)含特定(ding)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)廢物(wu)的(de)收(shou)集利用處置，開(kai)展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)試點(dian)工程，加(jia)(jia)大新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)末端治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)力度(du)。六是加(jia)(jia)大科(ke)技支(zhi)撐(cheng)力度(du)，提升新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)科(ke)技、治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)基礎保障以及管(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)基礎能(neng)力建(jian)設。
在這六(liu)項任務中，化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)環境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)統計(ji)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)是(shi)落實新(xin)污(wu)染物(wu)治(zhi)理的一項基(ji)礎性(xing)(xing)工作(zuo)。2023年，我省(sheng)完成(cheng)了首輪690家企業化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)環境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)統計(ji)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)。按照《化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)環境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)統計(ji)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)制度》和(he)《陜西(xi)省(sheng)新(xin)污(wu)染物(wu)工作(zuo)方案》有(you)關(guan)要求，調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)內容包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)產、加工、使(shi)用(yong)的基(ji)本信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)、詳(xiang)細(xi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)、重點管控(kong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)、公(gong)(gong)約履約信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)。調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)范(fan)圍一是(shi)基(ji)本環境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)的化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)共計(ji)3960類(lei)，二是(shi)詳(xiang)細(xi)環境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)的化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)共計(ji)40類(lei)，三是(shi)重點管控(kong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)的化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)共計(ji)14類(lei)，四是(shi)公(gong)(gong)約履約信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)的化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)全氟(fu)辛基(ji)磺酸(suan)類(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)、十溴二苯醚、短鏈氯化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石蠟、全氟(fu)辛酸(suan)及(ji)其鹽類(lei)和(he)相關(guan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)等持久性(xing)(xing)有(you)機(ji)污(wu)染物(wu)，以及(ji)汞和(he)汞化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)。同時，結合國家列入(ru)優先評(ping)估(gu)計(ji)劃(hua)的化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名單，進一步開展有(you)關(guan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)產、加工使(shi)用(yong)、環境(jing)(jing)排放(fang)數量及(ji)途徑、危害特性(xing)(xing)等詳(xiang)細(xi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)。
通(tong)過開(kai)展(zhan)首(shou)輪化(hua)學(xue)(xue)物(wu)(wu)質環(huan)(huan)境信息統計調查，為我省掌握高關注(zhu)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)物(wu)(wu)質產業分布狀況，后(hou)續開(kai)展(zhan)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)物(wu)(wu)質環(huan)(huan)境風險篩(shai)查、評(ping)估(gu)、管控提供了詳實的數據支撐。
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