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2023年(nian)有機廢氣治理行業評述及2024年(nian)發展展望(wang) |
發(fa)表時間:2024-01-19 14:58:00 作(zuo)者:admin |
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為及(ji)時反(fan)映(ying)生(sheng)態環保(bao)產業過往一(yi)年(nian)的發(fa)展(zhan)動態,預測新(xin)一(yi)年(nian)的發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢,我會組(zu)織各分(fen)支機構編寫了《2023年(nian)行業評述及(ji)2024年(nian)發(fa)展(zhan)展(zhan)望》,供環保(bao)企事業單位、專家和管理者參考。 2023年(nian)行業評述 01#主(zhu)要政策標準# 繼(ji)“大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)十條”和“藍(lan)天保衛戰”兩大(da)(da)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)之后(hou),2023年(nian)底新出(chu)臺國家級重(zhong)(zhong)磅(bang)政(zheng)策《空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)持(chi)續改善(shan)(shan)(shan)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)》(以下(xia)簡稱《行(xing)(xing)動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)》)。《行(xing)(xing)動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)》的目標(biao)指(zhi)標(biao)是:到2025年(nian),全(quan)國地(di)(di)(di)級及(ji)以上(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)市PM2.5濃(nong)度(du)比2020年(nian)下(xia)降(jiang)10%,重(zhong)(zhong)度(du)及(ji)以上(shang)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)天數比率控(kong)(kong)制在(zai)(zai)1%以內;氮氧化物(wu)(wu)和VOCs排放總量(liang)比2020年(nian)分(fen)別下(xia)降(jiang)10%以上(shang);京(jing)津冀及(ji)周邊(bian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)、汾渭平原PM2.5濃(nong)度(du)分(fen)別下(xia)降(jiang)20%、15%,長三(san)角地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)PM2.5濃(nong)度(du)總體達標(biao),北京(jing)市PM2.5控(kong)(kong)制在(zai)(zai)32μg/m3以內。《行(xing)(xing)動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)》堅持(chi)穩(wen)中求(qiu)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)總基調,協同(tong)推(tui)進(jin)降(jiang)碳、減(jian)(jian)污、擴綠、增長,以改善(shan)(shan)(shan)空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)為(wei)核心,以減(jian)(jian)少重(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)天氣(qi)(qi)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian),以改善(shan)(shan)(shan)PM2.5指(zhi)標(biao)為(wei)主線(xian),明(ming)確(que)了(le)PM2.5的下(xia)降(jiang)目標(biao),突(tu)出(chu)了(le)氮氧化物(wu)(wu)、VOCs等多(duo)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)協同(tong)減(jian)(jian)排;強化不同(tong)區(qu)(qu)域聯防聯控(kong)(kong),京(jing)津冀及(ji)周邊(bian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)由“2+26”城(cheng)(cheng)市增加為(wei)“2+36”城(cheng)(cheng)市,長三(san)角與京(jing)津冀協同(tong)聯動(dong);在(zai)(zai)所出(chu)臺的36項措施(shi)中,大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)涉(she)及(ji)VOCs治(zhi)理(li),其(qi)中12項措施(shi)明(ming)確(que)了(le)VOCs(包括(kuo)油煙、惡(e)臭異味)的治(zhi)理(li)要求(qiu)。VOCs減(jian)(jian)排控(kong)(kong)制行(xing)(xing)業要圍繞(rao)源頭(tou)減(jian)(jian)排、過程(cheng)嚴控(kong)(kong)、末(mo)端治(zhi)理(li),強化全(quan)流程(cheng)全(quan)環(huan)節綜合治(zhi)理(li)。2023年(nian)11月(yue),生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)部(bu)辦公(gong)廳發布《低效(xiao)失效(xiao)大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理(li)設施(shi)排查整治(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)方案(征求(qiu)意見稿)》,要求(qiu)全(quan)面開展低效(xiao)失效(xiao)大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理(li)設施(shi)排查整治(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),建立排查整治(zhi)清單,“淘汰一(yi)批、整治(zhi)一(yi)批、提(ti)升一(yi)批”。2023年(nian)9月(yue),生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)部(bu)辦公(gong)廳發布《京(jing)津冀及(ji)周邊(bian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)、汾渭平原2023—2024年(nian)秋冬季大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)綜合治(zhi)理(li)攻堅行(xing)(xing)動(dong)方案》,持(chi)續開展秋冬季大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)綜合治(zhi)理(li)攻堅行(xing)(xing)動(dong)。 國(guo)家標準(zhun)(zhun)方面,生態環境部(bu)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)了(le)《煉焦化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)廢氣(qi)(qi)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)》,屠宰及肉類(lei)(lei)(lei)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、鑄造、農藥(yao)(yao)制(zhi)造、氮肥、調味品(pin)、發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)制(zhi)品(pin)制(zhi)造、制(zhi)革、制(zhi)藥(yao)(yao)(原(yuan)料(liao)藥(yao)(yao)“發(fa)(fa)酵(jiao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)、化(hua)(hua)學合成類(lei)(lei)(lei)、提取類(lei)(lei)(lei)”和制(zhi)劑類(lei)(lei)(lei))等工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)污染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)(zhi)可行(xing)技(ji)術(shu)指南(nan),《環境空氣(qi)(qi) 65種揮發(fa)(fa)性有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)測定(ding) 罐采樣/氣(qi)(qi)相色譜-質譜法(fa)》,對石油(you)(you)煉制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)、石油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)、合成樹(shu)脂工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)三個大氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)排(pai)放標準(zhun)(zhun)修改單征求意(yi)見。地方排(pai)放標準(zhun)(zhun)方面,北(bei)京市(shi)(shi)新(xin)修訂(ding)5項(xiang),包括(kuo)油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)排(pai)放控制(zhi)限值標準(zhun)(zhun)3項(xiang)、印刷(shua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)和汽(qi)車(che)制(zhi)造工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)排(pai)放標準(zhun)(zhun)2項(xiang);重慶市(shi)(shi)、河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和海南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)各發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)餐飲(yin)業(ye)大氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)排(pai)放標準(zhun)(zhun)1項(xiang);山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)涂(tu)裝工(gong)(gong)(gong)序、耐火材料(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)大氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)排(pai)放標準(zhun)(zhun)2項(xiang);安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)家具制(zhi)造業(ye)大氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)排(pai)放標準(zhun)(zhun)1項(xiang)。其他地方技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)方面,山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)《石油(you)(you)煉制(zhi)行(xing)業(ye)揮發(fa)(fa)性有(you)機(ji)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)(zhi)可行(xing)技(ji)術(shu)要求》,安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)了(le)集中噴涂(tu)(含汽(qi)車(che)維(wei)修、集中涂(tu)裝)和餐飲(yin)油(you)(you)煙治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)兩類(lei)(lei)(lei)“綠島”項(xiang)目建設技(ji)術(shu)指南(nan)(試行(xing))。 02 #行(xing)業發展(zhan)# (1)行業整體發展情況 2023年(nian)我國經濟形勢復(fu)雜(za)嚴峻,對VOCs治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)行業(ye)的(de)發展影響(xiang)較大,目前VOCs治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)技術(shu)和(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)市場仍有不(bu)足(zu),如還存在大量低效(xiao)失效(xiao)的(de)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設施,部分(fen)技術(shu)運用不(bu)合(he)理(li)(li),技術(shu)的(de)安全性重視(shi)不(bu)夠,關(guan)鍵吸(xi)附(fu)、催(cui)化材料性能標準還不(bu)完(wan)善;行業(ye)競爭(zheng)加劇,企業(ye)融(rong)資困難(nan),規模擴張受到影響(xiang),整(zheng)體(ti)利潤率(lv)降低,低價(jia)中(zhong)標現象屢見不(bu)鮮等。 目(mu)前大型污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)工(gong)作已(yi)經基本完成(cheng)(cheng),我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)VOCs治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)工(gong)作已(yi)經進(jin)入到(dao)對(dui)(dui)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)細化(hua)管控和深度治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)階段(duan)。2023年主要集(ji)中在(zai)對(dui)(dui)簡易低(di)(di)效(xiao)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進(jin)提(ti)升(sheng)和新上項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)上。如對(dui)(dui)現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)溫等離子/光催化(hua)/光氧化(hua)等低(di)(di)效(xiao)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)造(zao)(zao),更換為沸(fei)石轉輪吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)濃縮、RTO、RCO、活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)等高效(xiao)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備;對(dui)(dui)部分未達(da)到(dao)排放要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)提(ti)標改(gai)造(zao)(zao),如部分活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭/活(huo)性(xing)(xing)碳纖維(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)回收設(she)(she)(she)備增加沸(fei)石轉輪吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)濃縮設(she)(she)(she)備,以實現污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)深度治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li);對(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)(she)計不(bu)合理(li)(li)難(nan)以正常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)造(zao)(zao),如針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)含(han)有(you)酸堿(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)RTO治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)進(jin)行(xing)工(gong)藝提(ti)升(sheng),完善預處理(li)(li)工(gong)藝等。 (2)VOCs治理(li)技(ji)術水平 近(jin)幾年,我國(guo)VOCs治(zhi)理技術(shu)水(shui)平(ping)明顯提升,部分裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)已(yi)經(jing)達到(dao)或接近(jin)國(guo)際先進水(shui)平(ping),治(zhi)理工(gong)藝逐漸(jian)趨于(yu)(yu)成(cheng)熟。活(huo)性炭/活(huo)性碳纖(xian)維、氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)催化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑等凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)材料生(sheng)產水(shui)平(ping)明顯進步;用于(yu)(yu)VOCs治(zhi)理的(de)沸石分子(zi)篩、吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)樹(shu)(shu)脂的(de)性能和(he)制(zhi)造(zao)能力實(shi)現了(le)突(tu)破;工(gong)藝設(she)備(bei)方(fang)面:沸石轉(zhuan)輪、RTO/RCO、吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)回收(shou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(樹(shu)(shu)脂吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、活(huo)性炭移動床吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、生(sheng)物凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)等)實(shi)現了(le)突(tu)破和(he)改進。工(gong)藝設(she)計方(fang)面:針對復雜工(gong)況(kuang)的(de)組(zu)合(he)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)藝設(she)計水(shui)平(ping)不斷提升,重點行業的(de)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)藝技術(shu)路線逐漸(jian)清(qing)晰。 (3)循環(huan)利用低碳治(zhi)理(li)模式(shi)發展(zhan)迅速 為解決(jue)大量(liang)中(zhong)小型污(wu)染(ran)源VOCs治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)問題,實現(xian)資源循環利用,在《2020年(nian)揮(hui)發性有機物(wu)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)攻堅(jian)方案》、2022年(nian)《臭(chou)氧污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)攻堅(jian)行動(dong)(dong)方案》和2023年(nian)《空氣質量(liang)持續改(gai)善行動(dong)(dong)計劃》中(zhong)均提出建(jian)設(she)涉(she)VOCs“綠島”項目(mu),統籌規劃建(jian)設(she)活性炭集中(zhong)處理(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)心(xin)、溶劑回收中(zhong)心(xin)和集中(zhong)涂裝中(zhong)心(xin),以實現(xian)VOCs集中(zhong)高效低(di)碳處理(li)(li)(li)。 采(cai)用“綠(lv)(lv)島”治理(li)模(mo)式進行綜合治理(li),既可以保(bao)證污染源的(de)(de)(de)達(da)標排放,又可以保(bao)證設施經濟運行,近年來得到了快速發(fa)展。針對不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)應用場景,“綠(lv)(lv)島”治理(li)模(mo)式具體有(you)(you)三類(lei)(lei)應用案(an)例。一(yi)是在吸附劑(ji)(ji)使(shi)用量(liang)大的(de)(de)(de)地區(城市(shi)、園(yuan)區和(he)產業集(ji)(ji)群(qun)(qun)),建立(li)活性(xing)炭分散吸附+集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)再生處置(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin),同(tong)步完善吸附劑(ji)(ji)規范(fan)采(cai)購、統(tong)一(yi)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)、集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)再生的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)體系,實現活性(xing)炭資(zi)源的(de)(de)(de)循(xun)環利用。二是在同(tong)類(lei)(lei)型有(you)(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)使(shi)用量(liang)較大的(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)區和(he)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)(qun),建立(li)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)分散回(hui)收(shou)+集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)提純/處置(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin),實現有(you)(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)循(xun)環利用。三是在同(tong)一(yi)類(lei)(lei)別工業涂裝企(qi)業聚集(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)區和(he)集(ji)(ji)群(qun)(qun),建設集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)涂裝中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin),對噴涂廢(fei)氣進行統(tong)一(yi)高效治理(li)。這些應用案(an)例在行業內發(fa)揮了較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)示范(fan)作用,成功帶(dai)動(dong)了從(cong)事(shi)活性(xing)炭分散吸附+集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)再生和(he)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)分散回(hui)收(shou)+集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)提純/處置(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)快速規模(mo)化發(fa)展。 此外(wai),在減污降(jiang)碳(tan)協同治理的(de)背景下,制藥、農藥、鋰電、涂布、印刷等(deng)溶(rong)劑(ji)使用量大(da)的(de)行業(ye)更(geng)加重視溶(rong)劑(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)利用,溶(rong)劑(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)行業(ye)有了快速發展,同時溶(rong)劑(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)技(ji)術也得到了快速發展。和其他企業(ye)相(xiang)比,2023年從事溶(rong)劑(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)的(de)企業(ye)業(ye)績普遍增長(chang)較快,很多企業(ye)新增了溶(rong)劑(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)業(ye)務。 03 #關(guan)鍵核心技術進展# (1)溶(rong)劑回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)可以實現資(zi)源的(de)(de)循環利用(yong)(yong),減少(shao)碳排放,溶(rong)劑回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)工藝技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)是目前(qian)VOCs治理技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)發展的(de)(de)重點。技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)進展集中(zhong)在(zai)氮(dan)氣(qi)深(shen)冷(leng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),膜分離(li)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),活(huo)性炭(tan)移(yi)動(dong)床吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)+氮(dan)氣(qi)/水蒸氣(qi)解吸(xi)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),樹脂(zhi)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),多技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)組合深(shen)度(du)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)。氮(dan)氣(qi)深(shen)度(du)冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)主(zhu)要應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)溶(rong)劑儲罐等極高(gao)濃(nong)度(du)的(de)(de)溶(rong)劑回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou),通常配合末端活(huo)性炭(tan)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)設備以實現污染源的(de)(de)達(da)標(biao)排放。活(huo)性炭(tan)移(yi)動(dong)床VOCs連續吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)+脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)+冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)橡膠生產(chan)(chan)、制(zhi)藥、PVC手套生產(chan)(chan)等行業(ye)(ye)得到(dao)了應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)。樹脂(zhi)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)濃(nong)度(du)廢氣(qi)的(de)(de)溶(rong)劑回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou),在(zai)化(hua)工、制(zhi)藥、農藥等行業(ye)(ye)含氯(lv)溶(rong)劑的(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)中(zhong)大量應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)。活(huo)性碳纖維吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)+沸石轉輪(lun)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)濃(nong)縮兩級凈(jing)化(hua)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)包(bao)裝印刷、鋰電(dian)池生產(chan)(chan)等行業(ye)(ye)溶(rong)劑回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)廣泛。冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)(吸(xi)收(shou)(shou))+膜分離(li)+活(huo)性炭(tan)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)超(chao)高(gao)濃(nong)度(du)油氣(qi)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)中(zhong)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)比較成(cheng)熟。 (2)焚燒(shao)/氧(yang)化(hua)技術中(zhong),高(gao)溫(wen)焚燒(shao)技術(TO/RTO)發(fa)展重點(dian)在(zai)于(yu)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)節(jie)能(neng)結構(gou)設計(ji)、熱(re)(re)(re)能(neng)綜合利(li)(li)用(yong)(余熱(re)(re)(re)鍋爐等(deng))。根據不同行(xing)業的(de)排放特點(dian),有針對性地(di)進行(xing)工(gong)藝設計(ji)和熱(re)(re)(re)效(xiao)(xiao)管理(li),已實現對熱(re)(re)(re)能(neng)的(de)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)利(li)(li)用(yong)。在(zai)化(hua)工(gong)、制藥、噴涂、涂布、包裝印刷等(deng)行(xing)業VOCs治(zhi)理(li)中(zhong)廣泛應用(yong)。 (3)催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)燃燒技(ji)術(shu)與高溫(wen)焚(fen)燒相比,催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)過程能耗低、安全性好;通(tong)過技(ji)術(shu)經(jing)濟綜合(he)分析,在(zai)很多情(qing)況下催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術(shu)(CO/RCO)具有一定(ding)的優勢,部(bu)分替代了(le)高溫(wen)焚(fen)燒技(ji)術(shu)。技(ji)術(shu)進展主要在(zai)于各類化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)、精細化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)行業工(gong)藝(yi)廢氣催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua);含氮有機物(如DMF)的催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術(shu);漆包(bao)線行業復雜體系有機物的梯級催(cui)(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)深度凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等。 (4)“綠島”治理(li)(li)技術。近幾年,為滿足汽修行業(ye)、化工(gong)行業(ye)和制造業(ye)、餐館(guan)等(deng)中小型VOCs污染源和惡臭異(yi)味的深度治理(li)(li)需求,活性炭(tan)分散吸附-集中再生技術發展迅速(su)。 (5)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)技術(shu)在(zai)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)菌劑、填料和生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)反應器等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)有所突(tu)破,在(zai)惡臭異(yi)味和低濃度VOCs凈化方(fang)面(mian)應用范圍(wei)不斷擴(kuo)大。等(deng)離子體、光(guang)催化/光(guang)氧(yang)化等(deng)技術(shu)主要應用于惡臭異(yi)味治(zhi)理。 (6)為實現VOCs深(shen)度治(zhi)理(li)(li)要(yao)求(qiu),大部(bu)分(fen)行(xing)業開發了適(shi)用的VOCs治(zhi)理(li)(li)多技術耦合(he)工(gong)藝,如(ru)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)濃縮(suo)+催(cui)化(hua)燃燒/高(gao)溫(wen)焚(fen)燒、冷凝+膜分(fen)離+吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)溶(rong)(rong)劑回(hui)收(shou)、吸(xi)收(shou)+吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)溶(rong)(rong)劑回(hui)收(shou)、活(huo)性(xing)碳纖維+轉輪多級吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)溶(rong)(rong)劑回(hui)收(shou)等。 2024年發展(zhan)展(zhan)望 《空氣質量(liang)持續改(gai)善(shan)行動計劃(hua)》中(zhong)明(ming)確以(yi)(yi)控制PM2.5指標為(wei)主線,突出以(yi)(yi)VOCs、氮氧化物(wu)等(deng)多污染(ran)物(wu)協同減(jian)排(pai)為(wei)重點,強化VOCs全流(liu)程全環節綜合治(zhi)理。目前(qian),2024年集(ji)中(zhong)進(jin)行低(di)效失效大氣污染(ran)治(zhi)理設施(shi)(shi)排(pai)查整治(zhi),大量(liang)的低(di)效失效末端治(zhi)理設施(shi)(shi)將(jiang)進(jin)行升級(ji)改(gai)造,這是重大政(zheng)策利好,有(you)(you)助于行業健康有(you)(you)序、高質量(liang)發展(zhan)。 源(yuan)頭減(jian)排方(fang)(fang)(fang)面,從含(han)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)等(deng)(deng)源(yuan)頭著手(shou)減(jian)少(shao)污染物(wu)排放(fang)量(liang),減(jian)少(shao)有害物(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)頭使(shi)用(yong),強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)強制性(xing)標準的(de)(de)(de)(de)約束作用(yong),大(da)力推廣(guang)(guang)低(di)(無(wu))揮(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)性(xing)有機物(wu)含(han)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)涂料(liao)、油墨(mo)、膠黏(nian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、清洗(xi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)產(chan)品(pin)。過程減(jian)排方(fang)(fang)(fang)面,提升行業清潔(jie)生(sheng)產(chan)水平,提高(gao)廢氣收集效率(lv),減(jian)少(shao)生(sheng)產(chan)過程VOCs的(de)(de)(de)(de)泄(xie)漏(lou)等(deng)(deng)無(wu)組織逸(yi)散與排放(fang),在(zai)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工等(deng)(deng)工業企業優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)泄(xie)漏(lou)檢測與修復技術(shu)(shu)(LDAR)工作。末端治理方(fang)(fang)(fang)面,技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向是(shi)減(jian)污降碳(tan)循環利(li)用(yong),吸附、冷(leng)凝(ning)、膜(mo)(mo)分離等(deng)(deng)溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回收技術(shu)(shu)將是(shi)重(zhong)點發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向。不同吸附材料(liao)在(zai)細分領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)應用(yong)、膜(mo)(mo)材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、失效活性(xing)炭集中再生(sheng)設(she)施(shi)、溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)循環利(li)用(yong)是(shi)關(guan)鍵點。高(gao)溫(催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua))焚(fen)燒(shao)技術(shu)(shu)/蓄熱(re)高(gao)溫(催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua))焚(fen)燒(shao)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)重(zhong)點和(he)(he)關(guan)鍵技術(shu)(shu)裝備在(zai)于(yu)高(gao)效節能結構設(she)計(ji)和(he)(he)熱(re)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)利(li)用(yong),催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)燃(ran)燒(shao)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點仍(reng)然在(zai)于(yu)廣(guang)(guang)譜/高(gao)選擇性(xing)催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。冷(leng)凝(ning)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)重(zhong)點在(zai)于(yu)冷(leng)凝(ning)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定運行和(he)(he)節能優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)計(ji)。生(sheng)物(wu)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)重(zhong)點在(zai)于(yu)復合(he)生(sheng)物(wu)菌劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、三維骨架(jia)填料(liao)、多相生(sheng)物(wu)反應器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),以及優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)完善各主流技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工藝(yi)流程、分行業的(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)耗高(gao)效組合(he)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工藝(yi)。
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